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“How the X-rays leak their way out until finally you just see optical radiation depends on how opaque the sun is at each point,” he said. This places ELI-ALPS as one of the leading lights in ultrafast physical processes as well as a world-class centre for generating outstanding biological, chemical, medical and materials science results. But, according to Orville, this is like trying to understand an Olympic high-jump contest based on pictures of the athlete on the bench before the jump and lying on the mat afterwards.“We’re trying to get the enzyme at the top of that high bar,” he said. With ultra-short laser pulses that last only some femtoseconds and performances of up to 10 PW ELI will bring new techniques and tools for basic research as well as for areas such as medical imaging and diagnostics, radiotherapy, new materials, and X-ray optics. The main objective of the project is, in accordance with the ELI White Paper [1], to create a high-energy beam device that can develop and utilize ultra-short pulses of high energy particles and radiation stemming from relativistic and ultrarelativistic interactions.
The ELI-NP laser thus becomes the most powerful laser system ever made. ELI Beamlines is designed as a high-energy and high-repetitive pillar of the European ELI (Extreme Light Infrastructure) project. Scientists are also planning to harness the X-ray beam’s tremendous heating effect – the focal region can reach 200 million degrees within a millionth of a billionth of a second. Unlike a conventional camera, though, everything imaged by the X-ray laser is obliterated – its beam is 100 times more intense than if all the sunlight hitting the Earth’s surface were focused onto a single thumbnail.The facility near Hamburg, housed in a series of tunnels up to 38 metres underground, will allow scientists to explore the architecture of viruses and cells, create jittery films of chemical reactions as they unfold and replicate conditions deep within stars and planets.Scientists are already engaged in a fierce competitive bidding process to be the among the first to get time on its six beamlines.“The laser is the biggest, and the most powerful, source of X-rays ever made,” said Olivier Napoly, a member of the French Atomic Energy Commission who helped build the complex.XFEL is the world’s third major X-ray laser facility – projects in Japan and the US have already spawned major advances in structural biology and materials science. It hits the target and the resultant scattered radiation, picked up by detectors, reveals the sample’s internal structure – just before it is destroyed.XFEL will also house a powerful optical laser to go alongside the X-ray gun, which scientists will use to exert extraordinary pressures on materials in order to reproduce conditions similar to those at the centre of the Earth or inside the Sun – or simply to morph materials into previously unseen configurations.Justin Wark, a professor of physics at the University of Oxford, said: “The pressures you can produce are enormous; 10 million atmospheres and above, which is more than three times the pressure at the centre of the Earth.”Wark and others will use the dual laser setup to blast samples with the optical light and then take a picture with the X-ray beam to address previously unanswerable questions.“It’s still not resolved exactly what the centre of the Earth might look like,” said Wark.
They are expected to support the ultra-high science science, ie to achieve an ultra-relativistic regime. L1 ALLEGRA - TW laser, 100 millijoule, 1 kHz - in operation “That’s my dream.”The centrepiece of the facility is the world’s longest – a mile long superconducting linear accelerator, designed to provide the energy needed to generate X-ray flashes a billion times brighter than the best conventional radiation sources. The machine is PENTA LASER BOLT 15000W … On December 10, 2010, at the end of the preparatory phase, the project was fully handed over to the ELI Delivery Consortium, consisting of representatives from the three host countries. The facility will be based on four sites. The European beam is more powerful, but most significantly has a far higher pulse rate than either of its predecessors.
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